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9) Stockage des objets |
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Traducteur : Jérome QUELIN |
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Arrays2
contains a variety of print( ) functions, overloaded for each type.
You can simply print an array, you can add a message before the array is
printed, or you can print a range of elements within an array. The
print( ) code is self-explanatory:
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Arrays2 contient un ensemble de fonctions
print(), surchargées pour chacun des types. Il est possible d'imprimer un tableau,
d'afficher un message avant que le tableau ne soit affiché, ou de n'afficher qu'une certaine plage
d'éléments du tableau. Le code de la méthode print() s'explique de lui-même
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//: com:bruceeckel:util:Arrays2.java
// A supplement to java.util.Arrays, to provide
// additional useful functionality when working
// with arrays. Allows any array to be printed,
// and to be filled via a user-defined
// "generator" object.
package com.bruceeckel.util;
import java.util.*;
public class Arrays2 {
private static void
start(int from, int to, int length) {
if(from != 0 || to != length)
System.out.print("["+ from +":"+ to +"] ");
System.out.print("(");
}
private static void end() {
System.out.println(")");
}
public static void print(Object[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, Object[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(Object[] a, int from, int to){
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(boolean[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, boolean[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(boolean[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(byte[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, byte[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(byte[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(char[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, char[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(char[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(short[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, short[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(short[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(int[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, int[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(int[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(long[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, long[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(long[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(float[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, float[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(float[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(double[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, double[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(double[] a, int from, int to){
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
// Fill an array using a generator:
public static void
fill(Object[] a, Generator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(Object[] a, int from, int to,
Generator gen){
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(boolean[] a, BooleanGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(boolean[] a, int from, int to,
BooleanGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(byte[] a, ByteGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(byte[] a, int from, int to,
ByteGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(char[] a, CharGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(char[] a, int from, int to,
CharGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(short[] a, ShortGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(short[] a, int from, int to,
ShortGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(int[] a, IntGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(int[] a, int from, int to,
IntGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(long[] a, LongGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(long[] a, int from, int to,
LongGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(float[] a, FloatGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(float[] a, int from, int to,
FloatGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(double[] a, DoubleGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(double[] a, int from, int to,
DoubleGenerator gen){
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
private static Random r = new Random();
public static class RandBooleanGenerator
implements BooleanGenerator {
public boolean next() {
return r.nextBoolean();
}
}
public static class RandByteGenerator
implements ByteGenerator {
public byte next() {
return (byte)r.nextInt();
}
}
static String ssource =
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" +
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
static char[] src = ssource.toCharArray();
public static class RandCharGenerator
implements CharGenerator {
public char next() {
int pos = Math.abs(r.nextInt());
return src[pos % src.length];
}
}
public static class RandStringGenerator
implements Generator {
private int len;
private RandCharGenerator cg =
new RandCharGenerator();
public RandStringGenerator(int length) {
len = length;
}
public Object next() {
char[] buf = new char[len];
for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
buf[i] = cg.next();
return new String(buf);
}
}
public static class RandShortGenerator
implements ShortGenerator {
public short next() {
return (short)r.nextInt();
}
}
public static class RandIntGenerator
implements IntGenerator {
private int mod = 10000;
public RandIntGenerator() {}
public RandIntGenerator(int modulo) {
mod = modulo;
}
public int next() {
return r.nextInt() % mod;
}
}
public static class RandLongGenerator
implements LongGenerator {
public long next() { return r.nextLong(); }
}
public static class RandFloatGenerator
implements FloatGenerator {
public float next() { return r.nextFloat(); }
}
public static class RandDoubleGenerator
implements DoubleGenerator {
public double next() {return r.nextDouble();}
}
} ///:~
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//: com:bruceeckel:util:Arrays2.java
// Un complément à java.util.Arrays, pour fournir
// de nouvelles fonctionnalités utiles lorsqu'on
// travaille avec des tableaux. Permet d'afficher
// n'importe quel tableau, et de le remplir via un
// objet « générateur » personnalisable.
package com.bruceeckel.util;
import java.util.*;
public class Arrays2 {
private static void
start(int from, int to, int length) {
if(from != 0 || to != length)
System.out.print("["+ from +":"+ to +"] ");
System.out.print("(");
}
private static void end() {
System.out.println(")");
}
public static void print(Object[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, Object[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(Object[] a, int from, int to){
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(boolean[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, boolean[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(boolean[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(byte[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, byte[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(byte[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(char[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, char[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(char[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to -1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(short[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, short[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(short[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(int[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, int[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(int[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(long[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, long[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(long[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(float[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, float[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(float[] a, int from, int to) {
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
public static void print(double[] a) {
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(String msg, double[] a) {
System.out.print(msg + " ");
print(a, 0, a.length);
}
public static void
print(double[] a, int from, int to){
start(from, to, a.length);
for(int i = from; i < to; i++) {
System.out.print(a[i]);
if(i < to - 1)
System.out.print(", ");
}
end();
}
// Remplit un tableau en utilisant un générateur :
public static void
fill(Object[] a, Generator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(Object[] a, int from, int to,
Generator gen){
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(boolean[] a, BooleanGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(boolean[] a, int from, int to,
BooleanGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(byte[] a, ByteGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(byte[] a, int from, int to,
ByteGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(char[] a, CharGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(char[] a, int from, int to,
CharGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(short[] a, ShortGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(short[] a, int from, int to,
ShortGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(int[] a, IntGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(int[] a, int from, int to,
IntGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(long[] a, LongGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(long[] a, int from, int to,
LongGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(float[] a, FloatGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(float[] a, int from, int to,
FloatGenerator gen) {
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
public static void
fill(double[] a, DoubleGenerator gen) {
fill(a, 0, a.length, gen);
}
public static void
fill(double[] a, int from, int to,
DoubleGenerator gen){
for(int i = from; i < to; i++)
a[i] = gen.next();
}
private static Random r = new Random();
public static class RandBooleanGenerator
implements BooleanGenerator {
public boolean next() {
return r.nextBoolean();
}
}
public static class RandByteGenerator
implements ByteGenerator {
public byte next() {
return (byte)r.nextInt();
}
}
static String ssource =
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" +
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
static char[] src = ssource.toCharArray();
public static class RandCharGenerator
implements CharGenerator {
public char next() {
int pos = Math.abs(r.nextInt());
return src[pos % src.length];
}
}
public static class RandStringGenerator
implements Generator {
private int len;
private RandCharGenerator cg =
new RandCharGenerator();
public RandStringGenerator(int length) {
len = length;
}
public Object next() {
char[] buf = new char[len];
for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
buf[i] = cg.next();
return new String(buf);
}
}
public static class RandShortGenerator
implements ShortGenerator {
public short next() {
return (short)r.nextInt();
}
}
public static class RandIntGenerator
implements IntGenerator {
private int mod = 10000;
public RandIntGenerator() {}
public RandIntGenerator(int modulo) {
mod = modulo;
}
public int next() {
return r.nextInt() % mod;
}
}
public static class RandLongGenerator
implements LongGenerator {
public long next() { return r.nextLong(); }
}
public static class RandFloatGenerator
implements FloatGenerator {
public float next() { return r.nextFloat(); }
}
public static class RandDoubleGenerator
implements DoubleGenerator {
public double next() {return r.nextDouble();}
}
} ///:~
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To fill an array of elements using a
generator, the fill( ) method takes a reference to an appropriate
generator interface, which has a next( ) method that will
somehow produce an object of the right type (depending on how the interface is
implemented). The fill( ) method simply calls next( )
until the desired range has been filled. Now you can create any generator by
implementing the appropriate interface, and use your generator with
fill( ).
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Pour remplir un tableau en utilisant un générateur, la méthode
fill() accepte une référence sur une interface générateur, qui
dispose d'une méthode next() produisant d'une façon ou d'une autre (selon
l'implémentation de l'interface) un objet du bon type. La méthode fill() se
contente d'appeler next() jusqu'à ce que la plage désirée du tableau soit remplie.
Il est donc maintenant possible de créer un générateur en implémentant l'interface
appropriée, et d'utiliser ce générateur avec fill().
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Random data generators are useful for
testing, so a set of inner classes is created to implement all the primitive
generator interfaces, as well as a String generator to represent
Object. You can see that RandStringGenerator uses
RandCharGenerator to fill an array of characters, which is then turned
into a String. The size of the array is determined by the constructor
argument.
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Les générateurs de données aléatoires sont utiles lors des tests, un
ensemble de classes internes a donc été créé pour implémenter toutes les interfaces pour les types
scalaires de base, de même qu'un générateur de String pour représenter des
Objects. On peut noter au passage que RandStringGenerator utilise
RandCharGenerator pour remplir un tableau de caractères, qui est ensuite
transformé en String. La taille du tableau est déterminée par l'argument du
constructeur.
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To generate numbers that aren’t too
large, RandIntGenerator defaults to a modulus of 10,000, but the
overloaded constructor allows you to choose a smaller value.
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Afin de générer des nombres qui ne soient pas trop grands,
RandIntGenerator utilise un modulus par défaut de 10'000, mais un constructeur
surchargé permet de choisir une valeur plus petite.
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Here’s a program to test the
library, and to demonstrate how it is used:
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Voici un programme qui teste la bibliothèque et illustre la manière de
l'utiliser :
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//: c09:TestArrays2.java
// Test and demonstrate Arrays2 utilities
import com.bruceeckel.util.*;
public class TestArrays2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int size = 6;
// Or get the size from the command line:
if(args.length != 0)
size = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
boolean[] a1 = new boolean[size];
byte[] a2 = new byte[size];
char[] a3 = new char[size];
short[] a4 = new short[size];
int[] a5 = new int[size];
long[] a6 = new long[size];
float[] a7 = new float[size];
double[] a8 = new double[size];
String[] a9 = new String[size];
Arrays2.fill(a1,
new Arrays2.RandBooleanGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a1);
Arrays2.print("a1 = ", a1);
Arrays2.print(a1, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a2,
new Arrays2.RandByteGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a2);
Arrays2.print("a2 = ", a2);
Arrays2.print(a2, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a3,
new Arrays2.RandCharGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a3);
Arrays2.print("a3 = ", a3);
Arrays2.print(a3, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a4,
new Arrays2.RandShortGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a4);
Arrays2.print("a4 = ", a4);
Arrays2.print(a4, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a5,
new Arrays2.RandIntGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a5);
Arrays2.print("a5 = ", a5);
Arrays2.print(a5, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a6,
new Arrays2.RandLongGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a6);
Arrays2.print("a6 = ", a6);
Arrays2.print(a6, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a7,
new Arrays2.RandFloatGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a7);
Arrays2.print("a7 = ", a7);
Arrays2.print(a7, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a8,
new Arrays2.RandDoubleGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a8);
Arrays2.print("a8 = ", a8);
Arrays2.print(a8, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a9,
new Arrays2.RandStringGenerator(7));
Arrays2.print(a9);
Arrays2.print("a9 = ", a9);
Arrays2.print(a9, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
}
} ///:~
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//: c09:TestArrays2.java
// Teste et illustre les utilitaires d'Arrays2
import com.bruceeckel.util.*;
public class TestArrays2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int size = 6;
// Ou récupère la taille depuis la ligne de commande :
if(args.length != 0)
size = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
boolean[] a1 = new boolean[size];
byte[] a2 = new byte[size];
char[] a3 = new char[size];
short[] a4 = new short[size];
int[] a5 = new int[size];
long[] a6 = new long[size];
float[] a7 = new float[size];
double[] a8 = new double[size];
String[] a9 = new String[size];
Arrays2.fill(a1,
new Arrays2.RandBooleanGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a1);
Arrays2.print("a1 = ", a1);
Arrays2.print(a1, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a2,
new Arrays2.RandByteGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a2);
Arrays2.print("a2 = ", a2);
Arrays2.print(a2, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a3,
new Arrays2.RandCharGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a3);
Arrays2.print("a3 = ", a3);
Arrays2.print(a3, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a4,
new Arrays2.RandShortGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a4);
Arrays2.print("a4 = ", a4);
Arrays2.print(a4, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a5,
new Arrays2.RandIntGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a5);
Arrays2.print("a5 = ", a5);
Arrays2.print(a5, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a6,
new Arrays2.RandLongGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a6);
Arrays2.print("a6 = ", a6);
Arrays2.print(a6, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a7,
new Arrays2.RandFloatGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a7);
Arrays2.print("a7 = ", a7);
Arrays2.print(a7, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a8,
new Arrays2.RandDoubleGenerator());
Arrays2.print(a8);
Arrays2.print("a8 = ", a8);
Arrays2.print(a8, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
Arrays2.fill(a9,
new Arrays2.RandStringGenerator(7));
Arrays2.print(a9);
Arrays2.print("a9 = ", a9);
Arrays2.print(a9, size/3, size/3 + size/3);
}
} ///:~
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